Study of Two‐Step Parallel Cutting Technology for Deep‐Hole Blasting in Shaft Excavation
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In hard rock deep‐hole blasting excavation, blastholes are rarely utilized due to the clamping effect of the lower rock, which affects excavation progress and restricts the development and application of deep‐hole blasting technology. Cut blasting is a key to improving excavation speed. In this paper, a new cutting method designating the two‐step cutting technology was presented. The blasthole was divided into upper and lower sections without changing the blasthole layout. The upper section was detonated first, creating sufficient free surface for the lower section, which was detonated secondly. This created a larger cavity and improved blasthole utilization. Results showed good blasting effects for two‐step cutting technology through theoretical analysis and engineering applications. The blasthole utilization rate was 96.1% when the upper and lower specific charge ratio = 0.78. This paper provides a good reference for resolving the low blasthole utilization problem in deep‐hole blasting of vertical shafts within a hard rock.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".