Bibliographic record
Abstract
To examine the effect of, and the reaction to, radical Anglo-Italian literature in the public mind, it is necessary to consider British ideas of Italians and Italy in the generation before Waterloo. To Britons at the time, Italy signified two very different things: the historical Italy – the setting for Republican and Imperial Rome and the cradle of the Renaissance – and the modern Italy of the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. The former was enjoying something of a resurgence in the last quarter of the eighteenth century, caused in no small part by Edward Gibbon’s The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (1776–1789) and Miscellaneous Works (1796). In the revolutionary decade there was heightened demand for Renaissance Italian history, spurred on by its republican politics, which was met by the publication of William Roscoe’s Life of Lorenzo de’ Medici (1795), a work that claims not only to be concerned with ‘mere historical events’ but also with ‘the progress of letters and arts’.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.008 | 0.018 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.009 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".