Evaluation of a treatment protocol for intramammary infections in early postpartum dairy cows based on a positive California Mastitis Test result
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Recent studies have evaluated the use of the California Mastitis Test (CMT) in early postpartum cows to identify intramammary infections (IMI). Whether the CMT is used to identify cows for culture or for herd-level udder health monitoring, many producers are in a dilemma when faced with a positive CMT result. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an intramammary treatment protocol based on a positive CMT result within the first three days of calving. In addition, the effect of early intramammary antibiotic therapy on cure rates, linear somatic cell score (LS) and milk production for the first three Dairy Herd Improvement (DHI) tests postcalving were assessed. A total of 1861 quarters, representing 561 cows from 24 commercial herds, were enrolled. All quarters from each cow were tested by the dairy producer using the CMT, and sampled aseptically for milk bacteriology between calving and three days-in-milk (DIM). Cows with a positive CMT (n=180) were randomly assigned to receive either intramammary (IMM) cephapirin sodium, or no treatment. A CMT with any reaction was considered positive. All CMT-positive cows were sampled for bacteriological culture between 10-16 DIM to determine cure of infections. Cure rates were evaluated using data from 138 treated and 117 control quarters. Cure rates for all major pathogens for the treated and control group were 84.6 and 71.7%, respectively. This difference was not statistically significant. However, cure rates for environmental streptococcal infections for the treated and control group, 89.4 and 70.82%, respectively, were statistically different (P=0.05). Cows that recovered from infection with a major pathogen had a decrease in linear score. As LS decreased, milk production increased. When milk production was evaluated, it was demonstrated that as the CMT score increased, cows had a 2.1-kg decrease in milk production per test date. The antibiotic treatment groups were not significantly different for LS or milk production by the third test date. In conclusion, this fresh cow protocol was most effective to reduce IMI due to environmental streptococci and reduce LS. Therefore, blanket therapy of all CMT-positive cows may not be justified. Udder health status and predominant mastitis pathogen within the herd need to be considered when developing treatment protocols.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.009 | 0.010 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".