Covariability of Fraser River sockeye salmon productivity and phytoplankton biomass in the Gulf of Alaska
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract Using satellite ocean color measurements and sockeye salmon stock–recruit data from 1995 to 2016, our analysis reveals a significant, positive relationship between Fraser River sockeye productivity and summer chlorophyll a concentrations (Chl‐a) in the northwestern Gulf of Alaska. The correlation is the strongest for the area adjacent to the continental shelf near Kodiak Island (northern Gulf of Alaska), during midsummer of the juvenile sockeye salmon ocean entry year. The inclusion of (Chl‐a) data from this region significantly improved the performance of Ricker stock–recruitment models for ten out of eighteen Fraser River stocks. We discuss the potential oceanographic processes driving the correlation between (Chl‐a) and sockeye productivity. During midsummer, positive sea‐level anomalies in the offshore waters near Kodiak Island suggest the presence of mesoscale eddies, which can transport nutrients to this region and concentrate phytoplankton and zooplankton biomass, thus supporting enhanced sockeye salmon prey abundance. These results suggest a mechanism linking mesoscale oceanographic dynamics to sockeye salmon productivity, and identify a potentially important region for future studies of Fraser River sockeye salmon survival.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".