The Mediating Role of Spirituality on Depression, Alcohol Use Disorder, and Problem Gambling Among Korean College Students
Bibliographic record
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Excessive alcohol use and gambling problems among Korean college students in Korea have been recognized as significant public health issues. The purpose of this study was to identify the direct, indirect, and total influence of depression on alcohol use disorder and problem gambling to determine relative magnitudes of the specific mediating effects of spirituality. A cross-sectional correlational survey was conducted in South Korea with 239 college students. Study variables included the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale, a Spirituality Scale for Koreans, the Alcohol Consumption Questions, and the Korean version of the Canadian Problem Gambling Severity Index. Multiple-mediation analyses were performed. The results found that depression has a negative effect on each of the six subgroups of spirituality. In terms of the effects of spirituality on alcohol use disorder and problem gambling, spirituality was found to have a positive effect only on alcohol use disorder. The relationship between depression and those two addictive behaviors was significantly mediated by spirituality. Bootstrapping revealed that transcendence and connectedness were significantly mediating the relationship between depression and alcohol use disorder. For problem gambling, compassion and connectedness were found to be mediators affecting the relationship between depression and problem gambling. The finding suggests that spirituality's subscales affect two specific addiction problems in different ways. College students' excessive drinking and problem gambling can be prevented by developing and applying an intervention program that strengthens the connectedness of spirituality's subscales.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".