Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Normal pressure hydrocephalus is a frequent cause of cognitive and functional impairment. Many symptoms are shared between Parkinson’s disease and normal pressure hydrocephalus. Only few studies examine extrapyramidal signs in NPH, and only one case report exists describing tremor improvement with shunting. Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of our NPH database. We selected patients who had both NPH and question of Parkinsonism due to tremor. Results: Six patients with both NPH diagnosis and tremor were identified. Three patients were treated for Parkinson’s disease and followed by neurology. After shunting, all three improved and attempt was made to wean medications, which led to functional decline. The other three patients improved with shunting and after titration of the shunt had resolution of tremor. Conclusions: We provide evidence that NPH can result in tremor, treatable by shunting. We also emphasize that those patients do exist who have both diseases. This likely exists along a continuum. Careful consideration of NPH should be undertaken in those patients with suspected Parkinson’s disease and imaging findings reminiscent of NPH.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.035 | 0.013 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".