Social support in dependent care configurations: The situations of primary caregivers in Quebec
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Given the importance of social support in reducing the burden on caregivers looking after spouses or elderly relatives, our study examines the extent to which primary caregivers’ social support needs are being met within informal care configurations, and whether primary caregivers perceive support outside such care configurations. We carried out a qualitative field study, conducting 19 semi-structured interviews with individuals who view themselves as primary caregivers in Quebec. Our results reveal a spectrum of care experiences ranging from “wonderful,” characterized by a distribution of caregiving tasks according to each member’s personal preferences and by stable support relationships, to “nightmarish,” characterized by an absence of perceived social support and the presence of conflicts. Between these two extremes, most caregivers perceive irregular and inadequate support. Our results suggest that, despite the importance of informal social support in reducing caregiver distress, in the majority of cases primary caregivers’ instrumental, emotional, and cognitive support needs are not being met within care configurations. The professional sphere and the community sector are two important sources of social support that should not be overlooked.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.012 | 0.004 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".