The Institutionalization of Religious Orders (Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Not least because of the shocks of the Investiture struggle and of the great reforms of the Church, from the second half of the twelfth century in Western Christendom there had emerged a general desire for an internalization of belief—one that from that time onward came increasingly to inspire an individual search for God, and that required both a stronger sense of self-responsibility and a more precise knowledge of self. These developments also led to a “crisis” of traditional monasticism, since the old communities had come more and more to be seen as rigid and lifeless. They lived, so it was said, like the Pharisees ( more Pharasaico ). They upheld the claustrales observantiae —that is, the common rituals, the liturgical rites, and traditional practices of prayer—only outwardly, while neglecting those true precepts of the Lord ( praecepta Domini ) that concerned the soul—humility, contrition, asceticism, contemplation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.003 | 0.012 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.004 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".