MétaCan
Menu
Back to cohort

Enhancing The Performance of Network Traffic Classification Methods Using Efficient Feature Selection Models

2021· article· en· W3167113330 on OpenAlex
Farzana Alam, Rasha Kashef, Muhammad Jaseemuddin

Why this work is in the frame

A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.

affAt least one author lists a Canadian institution in the pinned OpenAlex snapshot.

Bibliographic record

Venuenot available
Typearticle
Languageen
FieldComputer Science
TopicInternet Traffic Analysis and Secure E-voting
Canadian institutionsToronto Metropolitan University
Fundersnot available
KeywordsAutoencoderArtificial intelligenceComputer scienceFeature selectionSupport vector machineMachine learningTraffic classificationPattern recognition (psychology)Dimensionality reductionPrincipal component analysisNetwork packetBinary classificationPrecision and recallk-nearest neighbors algorithmClassifier (UML)Data miningFeature (linguistics)Artificial neural network

Abstract

fetched live from OpenAlex

In the era of secure communication and the constantly changing pattern of internet applications, traditional packet classification methods fail to achieve the accuracy needed for diverse network management functions. Recently Machine Learning (ML) techniques have been used to design viable packet classification solutions. However, due to the complexity and dynamic feature of internet traffic, efficient packet classification is still challenging for various machine learning algorithms. In this paper, we propose the adoption of feature selection methods through dimensionality reduction to enhance the classifiers' performance. We evaluated the performance of four well-known classifiers, including K-nearest neighbour (KNN), Support Vector Machines (SVM), Decision Trees (DT), and Logistic Regression (LR) with and without feature selection. We used two feature selection methods, including principal component analysis and Autoencoder. Experimental analysis is performed on real network traffic datasets with binary and multi-class categories. We assessed each classifier's performance using precision, recall, f-score, accuracy, and ROC. Experimental results show that the Precision, Recall, and F-score for the Multi-class problem are improved by 4.7 %, 6%, and 9%, respectively, after adopting either PCA or Autoencoder methods. The classification accuracy is also improved by up to 13%. We can also conclude that Autoencoder performed better for the KNN and LR, while PCA achieved comparable results for both the SVM and DT classifiers.

Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.

Full frame distilled prediction

Teacher imitation

Not calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.

metaresearch head score (Codex)0.001
metaresearch head score (Gemma)0.000
Version: codex-gemma-dda1882f352aValidation status: machine_predicted_unvalidated
Candidate categoriesnone
Consensus categoriesnone
DomainCandidate signal: none · Consensus signal: none
Study designCandidate signal: Simulation or modeling · Consensus signal: Simulation or modeling
GenreCandidate signal: Empirical · Consensus signal: none
Teacher disagreement score0.409
Threshold uncertainty score0.313

Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category

CategoryCodexGemma
Metaresearch0.0010.000
Meta-epidemiology (narrow)0.0000.000
Meta-epidemiology (broad)0.0000.000
Bibliometrics0.0000.001
Science and technology studies0.0000.000
Scholarly communication0.0000.000
Open science0.0000.000
Research integrity0.0000.000
Insufficient payload (model declined to judge)0.0000.000

Machine scores (provisional)

The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.

Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.

Opus teacher head0.031
GPT teacher head0.292
Teacher spread0.261 · how far apart the two teachers sit on this one work
Validation statusscore_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it