The Brave New World of Foreign Investment in the Wake of Covid-19 Pandemic: Current Situation and Potential Disputes
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic might have a negative effect on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) worldwide. Namely, the pandemic may have a long-lasting impact on policymaking trends in the context of international investment law and international trade. It may accelerate the interventionism, protectionism, and reverse globalization trends already present in the changing landscape of international law. In this paper, the author will further examine the consequences of restricting and tightening foreign investment regimes worldwide. First, the author will analyze whether the Covid-19 pandemic and growing anti-globalization have decreased FDI and whether such decline is likely to continue in the future. Secondly, the author will examine whether implemented policies put the States at risk of facing ISDS claims. History teaches us that times of crisis attract an increased number of investment claims, e.g. Argentina faced about 50-known ISDS cases due to measures undertaken to combat the crisis.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.005 | 0.007 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.016 | 0.015 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Research integrity | 0.009 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.009 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".