Are all the word ranking methods the same?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Text as a complex system is commonly studied by various methods, like complex networks or time series analysis, in order to discover its properties. One of the most important properties of each text is its keywords, which are extracted by word ranking methods. There are various methods to rank words of a text. Each method differently ranks words according to their frequency, spatial distribution or other word properties. Here, we aimed to explore how similar various word ranking methods are. For this purpose, we studied the rank correlation of some important word ranking methods for number of sample texts with different subjects and text sizes. We found that by increasing text size the correlation between ranking methods grows. It means that as the text size increases, the associated word ranks calculated by different ranking methods converge. Also, we found out that the rank correlations of word ranking methods approach their maximum value in the case of large enough texts.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.027 | 0.127 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.007 | 0.007 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.002 | 0.003 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.009 | 0.015 |
| Open science | 0.003 | 0.002 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.003 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.006 | 0.009 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".