Correlation between the expressions of the natriuretic peptide system and morphological changes in mouse heart during prenatal development
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Natriuretic peptides, most noticeably ANP and BNP are synthesized by heart and play an important role in blood pressure regulation and fluid homeostasis. These hormones express during early fetal development and have a different expression pattern than that in adults. In addition, ANP is known to serve as a growth modulator in the adult heart. In this study we sought to determine the expression of ANP and BNP during fetal development in order to correlate them with morphological changes in the heart during this critical period of cardiac growth. The expression of ANP and BNP were studied using real‐time quantitative PCR (qPCR) at daily intervals from 12 to 19 gestational days (GD), as well as in neonatal and adult hearts. The expression of GATA4, a transcriptional factor of ANP and BNP, was also measured. In another series of mice, hearts were dissected for LM morphological analysis. Results showed that peak ANP expression was observed on 15GD; whereas expression levels of GATA4 and BNP were significantly increased after 12GD. Morphological analysis demonstrated that there was an increase in cardiomyocyte size between 14–15GD, which was coincided with the peak of ANP expression. We suggest that ANP may play a role in modulating cellular hypertrophy in the heart during prenatal development. Grant Funding Source : Garfield Kelly Foundation at Queen's University, HSFC and CFI
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".