ONLINE PLATFORMS AS MODERN TOOLS IN TOURISM IN EXTRAORDINARY TIMES: CASE FOR FURTHER DIGITALIZATION IN WESTERN BALKANS
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Extraordinary times require an extraordinary response, especially when economic growth is at stake. Tourism contributes to economic growth in Western Balkans and has been robust in recent years. That was supported by new business models which make it possible for households to participate in the digital economy, including online platforms for travel accommodation. Internet connectivity and digital skills are crucial in that respect. This paper looks at the convergence of the Western Balkan candidate countries to the European Union (EU) in terms of connectivity and the digital skills needed. Analysis of data derived from questionnaires and other sources at the Eurostat show that candidate countries participate in the collaborative economy less and are below EU average in terms of digitalization. Investments supported by EU commitment to the region could improve internet connectivity and digital skills in the Western Balkans. That would benefit their economies which is especially relevant now considering the Covid-19 outbreak in the first quarter of 2020 and its disruption to achieving many goals. The argument for further digitalization is even more important.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".