A Validated Cohesive Finite Element Analysis of Needle Insertion into Human Skin
Why this work is in the frame
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Medical needles play important roles in many diagnostic and therapeutic applications. To design needles and procedures involving needles more efficiently, the investigation of the needle insertion process and the related parameters are key to developing related novel technologies. This paper provides a two-dimensional finite element model of needle insertion into the human skin, which is validated with available experimental results in the literature. The crack propagation in the tissue is modelled via the cohesive zone method. To this end, a curve-fitting approach based on the reaction force applied to the needle during the insertion is exploited to optimize cohesive parameters. Our simulations show that failure traction of 2 MPa, initial stiffness of 4000 MPa/mm, and separation length of 1.6 mm lead to a reliable model compared to the experimental results. We also investigated the effect of needle diameter on the insertion force.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it