Phytochemical profile, antioxidant and anthelmintic activities of O. gratissimum leaves collected in Kinshasa (D.R. Congo)
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Extracts of natural plants contain several chemical groups with various biological activities. This work aimed to evaluate the antioxidant, anthelminthic activities and determining the secondary metabolites, mineral and histological elements of Ocimum gratissimum from Democratic Republic of the Congo used for various culinary and therapeutic purposes. Primo Star 200® microscope was used for microscopic analysis further thin layer chromatography and X-ray fluorescence were used for chemical analysis. Antioxidant and anthelminthic activities were evaluated with DPPH° radical scavenging method and the rate of Benhamia rosea death, respectively. Spiral vessels, group scleritis, sclerotic fiber, pollen seed, stomata, hairs cells were found by Powder microscopic analysis. Secondary metabolites such as polyphenols (tannins, flavonoids, anthocyanins, leuco anthocyanins), alkaloids, steroids, terpenoids and various mineral elements (K, Ca, Cl, P, S, Mg, Na, Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe, etc.) were found in O. gratissimum leaves. Aqueous extract showed a high antioxidant activity with an IC50 of 25.7 ± 1.03 μg/mL. Aqueous extract of O. gratissimum leaves is a good antioxidant and it has an interesting anthelmintic activity.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".