Maternal cigarette smoking and cleft lip and palate: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Why is this work in the frame?
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
No Canadian affiliation. An affiliation-only frame — the usual design — would never have seen this work. It is one of the works that make the case for inverting the frame.
The three-model screen
all 1,000 screened works →All three models called this out of scope.
Systematic review and meta-analysis used to answer an etiological question about smoking and orofacial clefts; uses a synthesis method rather than studying one.
This systematic review answers a clinical etiological question rather than studying evidence synthesis methodology.
Uses systematic review and meta-analysis to answer a clinical etiology question; method used, method not studied.
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objectives A systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the association between active maternal smoking and cleft lip and palate etiology. Data Sources Medline, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane database from inception to November 2020. Study selection Observational studies of cigarette smoking habits in pregnant women. Outcomes included cleft lip and/or palate, cleft lip ± palate and cleft palate only. Data analysis Publication bias analyses were performed and the Newcastle Ottawa scales were used to assess study quality. Fixed or random effect models were used in the meta-analysis, dependent on risk of statistical heterogeneity. Results Forty-five studies were eligible for inclusion of which 11 were cohort and 34 were case-control studies. Sixteen studies were of sufficient standard for inclusion in the meta-analysis. The summary odds ratio for the association between smoking and cleft lip and/or palate was 1.42 (95%CI 1.27 to 1.59) with a population attributable fraction of 4% (95%CI 3% - 5%). There was limited evidence to show a dose-response effect of smoking. Conclusions This review reports a moderate association between maternal smoking and orofacial cleft but the overall quality of the conventional observational studies included was poor. There is a need for high quality and novel research strategies to further define the role of smoking in the etiology of cleft lip and palate.
Stored with the screening record, where it is evidence for the labels above.
The record
- Venue
- medRxiv
- Topic
- Cleft Lip and Palate Research
- Field
- Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
- Canadian institutions
- —
- Funders
- Medical Research CouncilUniversity of BristolVTCT FoundationNational Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health PromotionU.S. Department of Health and Human Services
- Keywords
- MedicineMeta-analysisObservational studyOdds ratioEtiologyCohort studyDentistryStudy heterogeneityPopulationMEDLINEPublication biasEnvironmental healthInternal medicine
- Has abstract in OpenAlex
- yes