Characterization of the Vascular Phenotype of the Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporter 1 Knockout Mouse
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Adenosine is important in the regulation of vascular tone and the Equilibrative Nucleoside Transporter 1 (ENT1) is a regulator of adenosine concentrations. Thus, changes in ENT1 expression and activity may alter vascular tone regulation. We therefore examined the cardiovascular phenotype of ENT1‐knockout (KO) as compared to wild type (WT). Heart rates (HRs) and blood pressures (BPs) of KO and WT littermate male mice were obtained. Vascular reactivity was assessed in aortic ring segments obtained from 3 and 6 month old KO and WT mice. Morphological assessment of vascularized tissues was performed using H&E staining. BPs under awake and anesthetised conditions were not significantly different between KO and WT. However, awake HRs were significantly different (KO:570±22 vs. WT:674±22 beats; p<0.01). However, anesthetised HRs were not. KCl‐mediated significantly greater constriction (>;30%) in KO rings compared to WT. However, no significant differences between the two genotypes were observed for the different receptor agonists. H&E staining yielded evidence of a decreased luminal area as well as thinner aortic wall in KO mice at the age of 3 months. The enhanced effect of KCl in KO aortic rings suggests a physiological difference in the regulation of the vasoconstriction response. Decreased lumen and aortic wall thickness suggests a compensatory mechanism due to reduced HR in KO mice. These studies suggest a vascular phenotype associated with a loss of ENT1. This model will aid in unraveling the role of adenosine in vascular regulation.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.005 | 0.002 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".