Increased Vascular Generation of Thromboxane A <sub>2</sub> : an Initiating Condition for Microvascular Rarefaction in Obese Zucker Rats?
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Our studies have demonstrated that rarefaction of the skeletal muscle microcirculation in OZR with evolution of the metabolic syndrome is well predicted by a chronic reduction to vascular nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability. However, prior to any loss in NO, skeletal muscle vessels from OZR exhibit a shift in arachidonic acid metabolism, with an increased production of TxA 2 over PGI 2 . Temporal analyses indicate that this early increase in vascular TxA 2 production/action is associated with an initial early rarefaction of 5–7%. If NO bioavailability is maintained (TEMPOL) after the initial increase in TxA 2 and microvessel loss, the total rarefaction magnitude is blunted. Alternately, if actions of TxA 2 are chronically inhibited, the initial rarefaction never develops and the subsequent secondary pulse (from NO reductions) is strongly muted. Chronic treatment with pentoxyfillene (to prevent TNF‐α production) or HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (atorvastatin/simvastatin) prevented much of the secondary pulse of rarefaction (associated with maintenance of NO bioavailability), yet did not alter either the shift in TxA 2 production or the initial rarefaction. These results suggest that microvessel rarefaction in OZR represents the integration of an early mild vessel loss that is dependent on TxA 2 , which creates an environment for the extensive rarefaction that is dependent on low NO bioavailability. (NIH DK64668)
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".