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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Coopetition analysis in industry upgrade and urban expansion based on fractional derivative gray Lotka–Volterra model
Why is this work in the frame?
A frame that forgets how it found something cannot be audited. These are the routes that admitted this work.
Canadian affiliationAn author listed a Canadian institution. This is the only route the usual frame has.
Post-publication record
OpenAlex flags this work as retracted, but it carries no matching Retraction Watch record in this frame.
Abstract
No abstract. This is not a gap in this database — OpenAlex has none either. 23.3% of the frame is in this state, and the screen finds HALF as much metaresearch here, so the absence is a measured bias rather than a missing field.
The record
- Venue
- Soft Computing
- Topic
- Grey System Theory Applications
- Field
- Decision Sciences
- Canadian institutions
- University of Waterloo
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China
- Keywords
- Gray (unit)UpgradeVolterra equationsStructural equation modelingUrban expansionFractional calculusComputer scienceMathematical optimizationEconometricsMathematicsApplied mathematicsEngineeringUrban planningCivil engineeringNonlinear systemMachine learningPhysics
- Has abstract in OpenAlex
- no