CHANGES IN BIOCHEMICAL FACTORS, INFLAMMATORY MEDIATORS AND PROTHROMBOTIC ACUTE PHASE PROTEINS IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS ON 12 MONTHS OF DIETARY MODIFICATION
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background: Reports continue to show that lifestyle modiï¬cation is cornerstone in the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, lifestyle and cultural patterns vary significantly across communities thereby necessitating the need for tailored dietary interventions to achieve optimal glycemic control. Presently, few prospective studies in Nigeria demonstrate the potential effects of diet modification on cardiometabolic, inflammation and prothrombotic factors. This study therefore assessed the effects of a twelve-month dietary modification on cardiometabolic, inflammation and prothrombotic factors in individuals with T2DM.Materials and Methods: Forty adults with T2DM were enrolled into this study. They were placed on 20%, 30% and 50% total caloric intake obtained from protein, fat, and carbohydrate respectively and were followed up for 12 months. Adherence to the dietary modification was assessed using a surrogate index. Standard methods were used to measure the blood pressure and anthropometric indices. Lipid profile, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), fibrinogen, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1)], interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were measured using spectrophotometric methods and ELISA as appropriate. Data analysis was done using paired Student’s t-test, Wilcoxon signed-rank test and Spearman correlation as appropriate. P-value less than0.05 was considered as statistically significant.Results: There were no significant changes in the mean body weight, body mass index (BMI), hip circumference (HC), waist-hip ratio, systolic (SBP) and diastolic (DBP) blood pressure, FPG and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) at 6 months and 12 months compared with the baseline. However, the mean levels of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDLc) was significantly elevated while the mean waist circumference (WC) and waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) were significantly reduced at 12-month compared with baseline. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) level was significantly higher at 6months compared with the baseline but reduced significantly at 12-month compared with the 6-month level. Unexpectedly, there was significant progressive rise in the median level of fibrinogen at 6-month and 12-month compared with the baseline. Similarly, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) levels at 6-month and 12-month were significantly higher compared with the baseline.Conclusion: It could be concluded from this study that twelve months of dietary modification improved central adiposity and high density lipoprotein-cholesterol but could not halt prothrombosis.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".