Global Citizenship Education in Pakistan: Awareness, Attitude and Challenges
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study was attempted to analyze teacher's awareness, attitude and challenges in implementing Global Citizenship Education in Pakistan. A questionnaire was constructed and filled by teachers of ten public sector universities of Punjab. Perceptions of two hundred and thirty-five teachers were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The findings were highlighting that teachers showed a low level of awareness towards global citizenship education; however positive attitude towards global citizenship education was counted. Implementation of GCE is essential in order to prepare a civilized generation. However, there are some challenges teachers have encountered in implementing Global Citizenship Education in higher education institutions, such as inadequate environment, no provision in education police to teach it as a subject and lack of training regarding GCE. In order to promote GCE in Pakistan, the government may adopt the Canadian/USA/Australian or England roadmap or may use material and support provided by Qualifications and Curriculum Development Agency (QCA) for executing GCE.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one teacher head, not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".