Preserved PAR2 calcium signalling in endothelial cells of hypertensive mice
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In hypertension where other signal transduction pathways are attenuated, protease‐activated receptor 2 (PAR2)‐mediated vascular relaxation is preserved. Despite this difference, PAR2 calcium events in vascular endothelium are not understood. We hypothesize that PAR2‐mediated calcium events are preserved in isolated mesenteric endothelial cells from hypertensive mice. Calcium activity was measured by spinning‐disk confocal microscopy in PAR2 wild type (PAR2‐WT) and PAR2 deficient (PAR2‐KO) mice treated subcutaneously with saline or angiotensin II (hypertensive). Isolated endothelial cells were incubated with fluorescent calcium indicator, fluo‐4 AM, and then exposed to a PAR2‐activating peptide 2‐furoyl LIGRLO‐amide (2fly) or muscarinic M 3 agonist acetylcholine. Our results show the number of calcium release sites and event rate are preserved in hypertensive PAR2‐WT exposed to 2fly. Acetylcholine‐induced calcium release sites and event rate were attenuated by 21% and 24% respectively. Similar results were found in hypertensive PAR2‐KO. Two types of calcium event were identified; small peripheral and repetitive, large central amplitude events. We conclude that PAR2‐mediated calcium signaling in isolated resistance endothelial cells is preserved in hypertension. Research funded by Canadian Institutes of Health Research and Research & Development Corporation Newfoundland and Labrador.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".