Nuclear apoptosis contributes to skeletal muscle cachexia in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, systemic, autoimmune, inflammatory disease associated with cachexia (reduced muscle and increased fat). The purpose of this study was to determine if elevated apoptotic signaling occurred in skeletal muscles of RA patients. A needle muscle biopsy was obtained from the vastus lateralis of four RA subjects. Frozen tissue cross‐sections were evaluated for nuclear density (nuclei/μm 2 ) and fiber cross‐sectional area. Mean muscle fiber area was 2384.1 ± 570.5 μm 2 , and the nuclear density was 6.8 nuclei/μm 2 . The number of nuclei with DNA strand breaks was determined by a fluorometric terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase (TdT)‐mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay. The number of TUNEL positive nuclei was 9.8 ±0.1% in vastus laterals biopsy samples. Western blot analysis and muscle morphology were consistent with the conclusion that rheumatoid cachexia is accompanied by a low level of apoptotic signaling in RA subjects.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".