Potassium channel openers elicit endothelium‐dependent enhancement of nerve‐mediated vasoconstriction
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The vascular endothelium modulates arterial diameter via the release of diffusible relaxing and contracting factors and by direct electrical coupling with smooth muscle cells (endothelium‐dependent hyperpolarization; EDH). Hyperpolarization of the endothelial cell membrane potential facilitates Ca2+ influx through non‐selective cation channels and spreads electrotonically to the smooth muscle cells via gap junctions. We hypothesized that pharmacological activators of Ca2+‐activated potassium (KCa) would cause endothelium‐dependent attenuation of nerve‐mediated vasoconstriction in the rat perfused mesenteric bed. The presence of CYPPA, an activator of small conductance KCa channels, nerve‐mediated vasoconstriction was significantly attenuated in the endothelium‐intact perfused mesenteric bed. However, on washout, a rebound effect was observed with nerve‐mediated constriction significantly enhanced. Addition of indomethacin enhanced CYPPA‐induced depression of nerve‐evoked constriction but prevented the rebound increase in vasoconstriction. In endothelium‐denuded preparations, CYPPA caused a smaller depression of vasoconstriction also with no rebound. These data indicate that activators of KCa channels may activate both endothelium‐dependent dilator and contractile pathways. Supported by HSFC.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.003 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".