Sympathoinhibition in men during paced breathing at 0.25 Hz
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This study tested the hypothesis that paced breathing (PB) would inhibit muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA). Integrated MSNA (peroneal nerve) and hemodynamics were assessed in healthy young men (26 ± 2 years; n=8) while supine during spontaneous breathing over 2 to 5 minutes and then at 0.25 Hz for 4 minutes with a recovery period. Breathing rate was not different between spontaneous and PB (15.6 ± 2.0 vs 15.0 ± 0.5 breaths/minute). Compared to baseline, PB reduced (~25%) burst frequency (19 ± 7 vs 14 ± 8 bursts/minute, p<0.01) and incidence (35 ± 12 vs 27 ± 13 bursts/100 heart beats, p<0.01). These returned to baseline levels during recovery. Total MSNA, (mean burst amplitude x burst frequency) also was reduced with PB (2.5 ± 1.3 a.u.) compared with spontaneous breathing (3.3 ± 1.1 a.u.)(p<0.05). No differences were observed in heart rate, mean arterial pressure, burst amplitude, or stroke volume between conditions but cardiac output was higher (~10%) during PB (3.6 ± 0.9 L/min) versus baseline (4.0 ± 0.9 L/min)(p<0.05). Therefore, PB inhibited MSNA in a manner that was not accounted for by concurrent changes in blood pressure or cardiac output. Supported by CIHR and NSERC.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".