Oscillatory pulse pressure changes endothelial sensitivity to shear stress and myogenic tone in isolated mouse cerebral arteries
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Circulating blood travels in an oscillating waveform where the peak‐to‐peak amplitude is called the pulse pressure (PP) and the frequency is dictated by the heart rate. We investigated in vitro the impact of PP (amplitude: 30 mm Hg; rate: 550 beat per min) compared to static pressure (SP) on cerebral myogenic tone (MT) and endothelium‐dependent flow‐mediated dilation (FMD). Cerebral arteries (~160 μm diameter, n=5–9 per group) isolated and pressurized (80 mm Hg) from C57Bl6 (3‐mo) mice were used with or without a functional endothelium (eNOS inhibition by L‐NNA and endothelium removal). MT was magnified by PP compared to SP (20±3 vs. 6±2% reduction in diameter, p<0.05). L‐NNA (10 μM) and endothelium denudation increased MT under SP (25±3 and 14±3%, respectively, p<0.05) but not PP (25±3 and 13±4%, respectively). Under SP, arteries fully dilated at low shear stress (SS) to gradually re‐constrict at high SS (33±11% and 2±9% dilation at 4 and 20 dyn/cm2, respectively; p<0.05). In contrast, under PP, cerebral arteries gradually dilated at low to then lose tone and fully dilated at high SS (10±4 and 75±19% at 4 and 20 dyn/cm2, respectively; p<0.05). In conclusion, compared to static conditions, PP 1) increases MT that is insensitive to the endothelium and 2) suppresses flow‐mediated constriction at high SS. Supported by CIHR MOP89733.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".