TMED2 is Required in both the Chorion and Placenta for Placental Labyrinth Layer Development
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The t rans m embrane e mp24 d omain/p24 (TMED) family are essential components of the vesicular transport machinery. TMED family members serve as cargo receptors important for selection and packaging of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) luminal proteins into coatomer (COP) II coated vesicles for anterograde transport to the Golgi. Until recently the role of TMED proteins in development and disease remained a mystery. We postulated that members of the TMED family regulate transport of cargo proteins essential for normal development and homeostasis. Tmed2 , the sole member of the vertebrate Tmed β‐subfamily, shows tissue and temporal specific patterns of expression during embryogenesis, but is ubiquitously expressed in all adult organs. We previously showed that mouse embryos homozygous mutant for a single point mutation, the 99J mutation, in the signal sequence of Tmed2 fail to form a functional placenta, and that heterozygous mice carrying this mutation developed non‐alcoholic liver disease. Using explants of chorion and allantois, the precursors of the developing placenta, we identified several secreted and membrane‐bound proteins that were abnormally expressed in Tmed2 mutant tissues, indicating a role for TMED2 in transport of secreted and membrane bound cargoes. In addition, explants between wild type chorion and Tmed2 homozygous mutant allantois, and vice‐versa, revealed both cell‐non‐autonomous and cell‐autonomous requirements for TMED2 during placental development. Our studies indicate that TMED2 is required for organogenesis of the placenta, which, is essential for survival of the growing fetus. Support or Funding Information Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council This abstract is from the Experimental Biology 2018 Meeting. There is no full text article associated with this abstract published in The FASEB Journal .
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".