Salmonella in commercially available pig ear treats and raw food diets: prevalence survey and canine feeding trial
Bibliographic record
Abstract
This thesis is an investigation of 'Salmonella' prevalence and antimicrobial resistance in commercially available pig ear treats and raw food diets and the prevalence of 'Salmonella' shedding by dogs consuming 'Salmonella' positive raw food diets. Pig ear treats and raw food diet samples were purchased from two and three Canadian cities, respectively. Less than one percent of pig ear treats collected in Mississauga, Ontario were contaminated with 'Salmonella' compared to 8.7% in Calgary, Alberta. Fifteen percent of commercial raw food diets purchased in Mississauga were contaminated with 'Salmonella', 37% in Calgary and 10% in Guelph. Fifteen different serotypes were observed, including 'S'. Typhimurium, 'S'. Heidelberg, ' S'. Infantis and 'S'. Hadar. Twenty-eight dogs were enrolled in a feeding trial. Sixteen were fed 'Salmonella' positive raw food diets, and 7/28 (44%) shed 'Salmonella'. Twelve were fed a control diet, none of which shed 'Salmonella'. Several isolates recovered from food and fecal samples contained the same serotypes and antimicrobial resistance patterns.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".