Pax3 expression by satellite cells of avian skeletal muscle spindles
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Pax3 protein is usually co‐expressed with Pax7 by embryonic dermomyotome cells which give rise to skeletal muscle fibers. Following myogenesis, it is held that Pax3 expression becomes restricted to a few satellite cells (SCs) of select mature muscles. Intrafusal fibers of muscle spindles are thought to persist in an immature state as, unlike extrafusal fibers, they maintain small diameters, developmental myosins, Myf5 expression and high concentrations of SCs. Thus, we hypothesize that Pax3 expression is maintained in intrafusal fibers. Immunohistochemical methods were used to quantify nuclear numbers in chicken anterior latissimus dorsi muscles excised at 9, 30, 62, and 138 days post‐hatch. SCs were identified by their Pax7 expression. In intrafusal fibers, the percentage of SCs expressing Pax3 decreased from 76% at 9 days to 16% at 138 days post‐hatch and, at each age studied, was higher in intrafusal than extrafusal fibers. In extrafusal fibers, after 14% at 9 days, only 0‐2% of SCs expressed Pax3. Muscle spindles offer a novel model for the study of Pax3 expression in SCs. Funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada. Grant Funding Source NSERC
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".