Bacterial stimulation of endogenous hydrogen sulfide synthesis: a novel mechanism for resolution and repair in the colon
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S) is an important signaling molecule throughout the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Colonic H 2 S synthesis is markedly increased during experimental colitis in rats, and contributes to the resolution of inflammation and healing of ulcers. The triggers responsible for this up‐regulation of colonic H 2 S synthesis are unclear. Therefore, we tested whether bacterial signals at the epithelial surface may be important stimuli for upregulation of endogenous H 2 S synthesis, helping drive resolution and mucosal repair. Germ‐free NIH Swiss mice (6 weeks of age; n≥4) were orally gavaged with feces (200 μL; 5% wt/ vol) from mice raised in specific pathogen free (SPF) conditions. Inoculated mice were housed in SPF conditions and euthanized at day 2 or 7 post‐inoculation. Colonic tissue from germ‐free control mice produced very low amounts of H 2 S. Within 2 days of inoculation with SPF flora, a significant increase in colonic H 2 S synthesis was observed (>;2‐fold; p<0.05), which further increased to 5‐fold (p<0.01) by 7 days post‐inoculation. We previously found that bacterial‐derived H 2 S does not contribute to what is measured as colonic H 2 S synthesis. These results support the hypothesis that bacterial factors can up‐regulate colonic H 2 S, which could be an important signaling mechanism for driving the repair of mucosal injury. Supported by the Crohn's and Colitis Foundation of Canada (CCFC).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".