Fetal Endothelial Colony Forming Cells from pregnancies complicated by intrauterine growth restriction have reduced vasculogenic capacity
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Background Diminished numbers of ECFCs may be a risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) is a pregnancy complication associated with neonatal morbidity and mortality and long‐term sequelae, including CVD. We hypothesized that fetal ECFCs from human IUGR pregnancies would be fewer in number and exhibit altered vasculogenic potential. Methods Cord blood from uncomplicated and IUGR pregnancies were collected at delivery. ECFCs were counted by flow cytometry using discriminators: 7AAD‐/CD31bright/CD45‐/KDR+/CD34+. Vasculogenic potential was investigated by implanting collagen matrices populated with ECFCs into adult immuno‐deficient mice. Results ECFC numbers were 67% lower in IUGR cord blood vs. controls (P<0.001), and exhibited a 71% longer doubling time (P=0.01). Blood vessel formation was reduced in collagen implants populated with IUGR‐derived ECFCs. In vitro, hypoxia (1% O 2 , 72h) induced‐ECFC senescence, and IUGR cells were more susceptible (P<0.05). Finally, IUGR‐derived ECFCs showed a 61% reduction in MMP‐2 release under hypoxic conditions (P<0.001). Conclusion ECFCs from IUGR cord blood have intrinsic functional alterations, resulting in diminished vasculogenic potential and increased susceptibility to hypoxia. Supported by grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and the Wellcome Trust.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".