CXCR2 may be critical in recruiting neutrophils (PMN) into the inflamed colon in DSS‐induced colitis
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)‐induced colitis in mice is characterized by PMN infiltration into the colonic mucosa and lumen. The mechanism by which this occurs is unclear. To address this, we determined the role of CXCR2 in DSS‐induced colitis by neutralizing CXCR2 or using CXCR2 KO (knockout) mice. DSS (5% w/v) was administered through drinking water to CXCR2 KO and Balb/c mice (WT) for 5 days followed by tap water for 1 day. In the neutralization study, DSS‐treated or control WT mice were injected i.p with goat serum or goat anti‐CXCR2 serum and disease severity was assessed. DSS‐treated CXCR2 KO mice failed to recruit PMN into the mucosa and had less severe crypt damage with no ulceration compared with WT mice. In the neutralization experiments, goat serum‐injected mice receiving DSS lost weight and showed severe clinical illness. Histological observation revealed edema, PMN infiltration into the submucosa and mucosa, extensive crypt damage with abscesses, and ulceration. In contrast, the anti‐CXCR2 serum‐treated mice showed less clinical illness with no weight loss. This was associated with less histological damage and a lack of PMN infiltration. Our experiments suggest a role for CXCR2 in DSS‐induced colitis and that it may be critical in recruiting PMN into the inflamed mucosa. Funded by the CCFC and the Swedish Medical Research Council, and an IWK Health Centre Fellowship to SMF.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".