Exercise does not Attenuate Increased Fatty Acid Metabolism in Ex Vivo Diabetic Hearts
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus produces an altered metabolic phenotype in the heart, with increased fatty acid oxidation and decreased glucose metabolism. This study determined whether regular exercise training could attenuate the consequences of enhanced cardiac fatty acid (FA) oxidation in streptozotocin‐injected type 1 diabetic mice (T1D). Control (CD‐1) and diabetic mice were exercised (EX) by running for 60 min/d, 5 d/wk for 6 wk at low‐moderate intensity. Non‐exercised sedentary (SED) groups were also studied. Hearts from T1D and control mice at 12 weeks of age were subjected to a 60‐min working heart perfusion with glucose and palmitate. Oxidation of radiolabeled palmitate (complexed to albumin) was measured (μmol/min/g dry weight) along with parameters of contractile function. Diabetic mice exhibited hyperglycemia compared to CD‐1 controls ( P <0.01). Importantly, EX T1D group showed a significant 12% reduction in plasma glucose levels compared to T1D SED mice (41.4 vs 50.3 mM). Hearts from CD‐1 and T1D groups showed no changes with exercise for any of the measured parameters of contractile function. Palmitate oxidation was increased by nearly 2‐fold in T1D SED hearts compared to CD‐1 SED hearts (0.72±0.12 vs 0.40±0.05 μmol/min/g dry weight). However, steady‐state rates of palmitate oxidation were not significantly different between T1D SED and T1D EX hearts (0.72±0.12 vs 0.63±0.08). These results suggest fatty acid oxidation rates during perfusion, although significantly elevated in the diabetic heart, are not altered by exercise. As well 6 weeks of low‐moderate exercise is not enough to improve diabetic cardiac function. However, lower blood glucose levels in T1D EX mice suggest a beneficial effect of exercise on whole‐body glucose utilization. Supported by CIHR (DS).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".