Synergistic Effects of Aldehyde Dehydrogenase 2 Polymorphisms and Alcohol Consumption on Cognitive Impairment after Ischemic Stroke in Han Chinese
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) polymorphisms are related to both stroke risk and alcohol consumption. However, the influence of ALDH2 polymorphisms and alcohol consumption on cognitive impairment after ischemic stroke remains unknown, as do the possible mechanisms. We enrolled 180 Han Chinese ischemic stroke patients from four community health centers in Bengbu, China. Cognitive function was assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA), and two different MoCA cutoff scores were used to define cognitive impairment in ischemic stroke patients. The ALDH2 genotypes were determined using polymerase chain reaction and direct sequencing. To assess the associations of ALDH2 polymorphisms and alcohol consumption with cognitive impairment after ischemic stroke, we performed binary logistic regression analysis with odds ratios. We revealed that individuals with the ALDH2 wild-type genotype were more likely to have high MoCA scores than those with the mutant and heterozygous types ( <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1"> <mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.034</mn> </math> ). In addition, using two MoCA cutoff scores, the percentage of moderate to excessive alcohol consumption in the cognitive impairment group was higher than that in the nonimpairment group ( <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M2"> <mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.001</mn> </math> ). The levels of 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal ( <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M3"> <mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.001</mn> </math> ) and swallowing function ( <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M4"> <mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.001</mn> </math> ) were also higher in the cognitive impairment group than in the nonimpairment group. Moreover, after adjusting for other potential risk factors, ALDH2 polymorphisms and alcohol consumption had a significant synergistic effect on cognitive impairment ( <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M5"> <mi>p</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>0.022</mn> </math> ). Specifically, the ALDH2 <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M6"> <mo>∗</mo> </math> 2 mutant allele and higher alcohol consumption were associated with cognitive impairment and swallowing ability after ischemic stroke. Targeting ALDH2 may be a useful biomarker for cognitive rehabilitation following ischemic stroke.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it