Nexilin is a dynamic protein at <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> comet tails and enteropathogenic <i>E. coli</i> pedestals
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The extracellular pathogen enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) and the intracellular bacterium Listeria monocytogenes ( Listeria ) control the actin cytoskeletal machinery during their infections as part of their disease processes. Through the subversion of this cytoskeletal system, motile actin‐rich structures (EPEC pedestals and Listeria comet tails) are generated. Nexilin, an actin‐binding protein, is thought to facilitate actin‐based cell motility. Consequently, we tested the hypothesis that nexilin is recruited to EPEC pedestals as well as Listeria comet tails and is needed for proper functioning of those structures. Using a combination of immunolocalization, RNA interference and time‐lapse imaging, we demonstrate that nexilin co‐localizes with actin in EPEC pedestals and Listeria comet tails. As stationary EPEC and Listeria becomes motile, nexilin focuses distally in these long actin‐rich structures. When nexilin expression was perturbed, EPEC pedestals remain unaltered, however Listeria comet tails had aberrant morphologies. Our data suggests that nexilin is redistributed to the dissociating end of actin filaments where it may act as a platform for bacterial propulsion when infecting host cells. Grant Funding Source : CIHR, NSERC, Institut Pasteur, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, European Research Council, Howard Hughes Medical Institute
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".