Effect of a cold pressor test (CPT) on the cardiovascular (CV) responses to static handgrip exercise and peak force production
Bibliographic record
Abstract
The transition from an inverted to upright position results in greater maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) force and greater CV response to exercise. It is unclear whether these results are due to the postural change per se or the heightened sympathetic state associated with the upright posture. We tested the hypothesis that elevated baseline sympathetic activity, elicited using a CPT, produces greater MVC handgrip force and a larger CV response to isometric handgrip exercise (IHG). 13 (8F/5M) normotensive subjects (22 ± 2 years) were randomized between cold (~10ºC) and thermoneutral (~24ºC) conditions. During each condition, their foot was submerged for 6 minutes. Non‐dominant MVC handgrip force (kg) was recorded then followed by a 150s rest period, 90s of IHG (40% MVC), and 120s of post‐exercise ischemia (no exercise). Heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP) and calf blood flow (CBF) were measured throughout. Calf vascular resistance (CVR) was calculated. At rest, MAP (+4 ± 1 mmHg) and CVR (+5 ± 3 PRU) were increased in the cold condition. Handgrip MVC was greater (24 ± 10 vs. 22 ± 8 kg) in the thermoneutral condition. MAP during IHG was higher in the cold condition (93 ± 12 vs. 86 ± 7 mmHg). Application of a cold stimulus augmented resting MAP and CVR. This heightened sympathetic state resulted in a lower handgrip MVC force but an exaggerated MAP response to IHG
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".