Anoxia‐mediated elevation in phasic GABAA receptor currents is essential for anoxia‐tolerance in turtle cortex
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In mammalian brain, anoxia induces hyper‐excitability and cell death; however, the western painted turtle Chrysemys picta bellii is anoxia tolerant, neuronal activity is depressed by anoxia and cell death does not occur. In anoxic turtle brain [γ‐aminobutyric acid] (GABA) is elevated suggesting that the mechanism(s) responsible for anoxia‐tolerance involve GABAergic synaptic transmission. The objective of this study was to investigate the neuroprotective role of endogenous phasic GABA A receptor currents during anoxia in turtle cortex. Using whole‐cell patch clamp techniques we identified phasic GABA‐mediated IPSC's that double in amplitude with anoxia (41.2 ± 1.6 to 82.1 ± 2.1 pA) resulting in a 60–70% decrease in spontaneous action potential frequency. Inhibition of phasic GABA A receptor currents with gabazine resulted in hyper‐excitability. We conclude that anoxia increases phasic GABA A receptor peak currents resulting in a “shunting current” that prevents further depolarization and hyper‐excitability. Research supported by OGSST grant to DH and NSERC grant to LB.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".