Ca <sup>2+</sup> pulsars: spatially restricted, IP <sub>3</sub> R‐mediated Ca <sup>2+</sup> release important for endothelial function
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Intracellular Ca 2+ is essential for endothelial functions such as the control of vascular tone. Using confocal microscopy, endothelial Ca 2+ signaling was investigated in cut‐open mesenteric arteries from mice expressing the Ca 2+ indicator GCaMP2 exclusively in the endothelium. Spontaneous and local Ca 2+ release (“Ca 2+ pulsars”) from endothelial IP 3 receptors (IP 3 R) have been identified and are also present in pressurized arteries. The Ca 2+ pulsars show distinct kinetics from ryanodine receptor–dependent Ca 2+ sparks and from IP 3 R‐mediated Ca 2+ puffs. The endothelium‐dependent vasodilator acetylcholine increased the frequency of Ca 2+ pulsars. The Ca 2+ pulsars are localized in the endothelial projections through the internal elastic lamina to the vascular smooth muscle. Immunocytochemistry also identified IP 3 R and K Ca 3.1 channels in the myoendothelial projections. While block of K Ca 3.1 channels with ChTX depolarized the endothelial membrane by ≈10 mV, inhibition of Ca 2+ pulsars with CPA (10 μM) prevented ChTX‐induced depolarization. Moreover, exposure to CPA induced a depolarization of the endothelium similar to ChTX (≈11 mV). Our results suggest a novel IP 3 R‐dependent mechanism regulating endothelium‐smooth muscle communication. Supported by NIH (HL44455 & HL63722) and CIHR.
Fetched live from OpenAlex and de-inverted. Abstracts are not stored in this database: the inverted indexes are 8.6 GB of the frame’s 9.3 GB of text, and the host has 13 GB free.
How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".