Inflammasome Activation Triggered by the Cysteine Proteases of <i>Entamoeba histolytica</i>
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Entamoeba histolytica ( Eh ) is an enteric dwelling parasite that invades the epithelial barrier and instigates devastating diseases, collectively called amebiasis. A fundamental question of Eh ‐host interactions is how the parasite activates host defenses. Inflammasomes are a family of cytosolic sensors that form in response to infectious or cellular injury and trigger innate responses by activating caspase‐1, which in turn regulates cleavage and activation of potent pro‐inflammatory cytokines, such as IL‐1β and IL‐18. We hypothesized an inflammasome is involved in innate detection of Eh. THP‐1 macrophages were stimulated with live Eh and Western blotting and ELISA were used to detect caspase‐1 and IL‐1β activation. Eh activated the NLRP3 inflammasome in a dose‐ and time‐dependent manner: inhibition of K+ efflux, reactive oxygen species and caspase‐1 with specific inhibitor YVAD, abrogated inflammasome activation. We identified Eh cysteine protease 5 as the microbial ligand that triggered the inflammasome through PI3KIγ‐dependent signaling. This is the first pathogen cysteine protease shown to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome. This work was funded by NSERC.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".