Niqab –as a Symbol of Resistance: Muslim Women’s Experiences With the Face Veil
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Niqab, the practice of veiling the face, is adopted by a small percentage of Muslim women in Canada, yet it is the most controversial piece of clothing. Such a practice is stereotypically seen as ‘backwards’, unwarranted, and forced. Some will even go as far as declaring the religious practice as “un-Canadian”– demanding a public ban. But for Muslim women, the Niqab means so much more and it can be defined in many ways. This MRP is a narrative analysis of three Niqabi experiences of this Islamic practice. With Islam as the worldview or lens for this research, these three stories serve as ‘counter narratives’, showing Niqab as a symbol of resistance, power and choice. They also serve as education for those seeking to better support and understand Niqab. In the words of one scholar thinking about this moment during COVID-19, of veiling the face, it might be that “We are all Niqabis now.” Key Words: Niqab, face veil, face-veil, Burqa, Hijab, Muslim, Muslim women, Islam, resiliency, resilient, niqab ban, burqa ban, COVID-19, Coronavirus, pandemic, Islamophobia, 9/11
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.017 | 0.017 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.006 | 0.004 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.006 |
| Research integrity | 0.003 | 0.005 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.004 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".