Analysis of the Effect of Duloxetine in the Treatment of Early Pain After Total Knee Arthroplasty
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract OBJECTIVE: Total knee arthroplasty is one of the most effective treatments for advanced degeneration of the knee. Knee replacement surgery has achieved excellent clinical results, not only solving the patients' pain, but also solving the social problems. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of duloxetine, a selective serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, on the treatment of early pain in patients after TKA.METHODS: The study is a randomized controlled trial. Sixty patients who underwent TKA from January 2020 to June 2020 were selected for inclusion in the study, and equally assigned to a celecoxib group and a duloxetine group. There were 22 males and 38 females; the average age was 60.3±5.1 (56-74) years. The celecoxib group was given celecoxib 200mg/bid. The duloxetine group received duloxetine 30mg/bid. Analgesic medication was applied from the first postoperative day in the two groups for 4 weeks. The effectiveness of analgesia was assessed by the postoperative VAS walking pain score, HAMD-17 (Hamilton Depression Scale) score and the WOMAC pain score (Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, WOMAC). The proportion of adverse events in the two groups was also compared to further evaluate the analgesic effect and safety. RESULTS: There was no significant difference in VAS score between groups on postoperative day three but duloxetine was superior to the celecoxib group at postoperative weeks one, two and four (p < 0.05). The HAMD-17 scores in both groups decreased at week four compared to preoperative values (p < 0.05), but the duloxetine group's HAMD-17 score was superior to the celecoxib group four weeks postoperatively (P < 0.05). The WOMAC pain scores of the duloxetine group were superior to the celecoxib group (P < 0.05) at postoperative weeks one, two and four. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events.CONCLUSION: Duloxetine has a good effect on postoperative analgesia after TKA and can relieve patients' depression and anxiety, and promote rapid recovery. Thus, we can infer that duloxetine can be used to treat early postoperative pain after knee arthroplasty.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".