Control of White Mold of Bean Caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Using Organic Soil Amendments and Biocontrol Agents
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Field studies were conducted near Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada during 1999-2001 to determine the effectiveness of residue-based organic soil amendments, with or without biocontrol agents, for suppression of carpogenic germination of sclerotia of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and control of white mold of bean. Results of 3-year field experiments showed that soil amendment with certain organic substances such as sweet clover straw (2.5 tonnes/ha) or fish meal (0.8 or 2.5 tonnes/ha) reduced the carpogenic germination of sclerotia of S. sclerotiorum and thereby reduced the incidence and severity of white mold of bean. Further studies revealed that the addition of biocontrol agents such as Coniothyrium minitans, Penicillium griseofulvum, or Trichoderma virens, enhanced the suppressive effect of the organic soil amendments on S. sclerotiorum. The study concludes that amending soil with a mixture of organic soil amendment and biocontrol agent is a promising, environmentally sound method for management of white mold of bean.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".