VB-Kalman Based Localization for Connected Vehicles With Delayed and Lost Measurements: Theory and Experiments
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Traditionally, connected vehicles (CVs) share their own sensor data that relies on the satellite with their surrounding vehicles by vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication. However, the satellite-based signal sometimes may be lost due to environmental factors. Time-delays and packet dropouts may occur randomly by V2V communication. To ensure the reliability and accuracy of localization for CVs, a novel variational Bayesian (VB)-Kalman method is developed for unknown and time varying probabilities of delayed and lost measurements. In this VB-Kalman localization method, two random variables are introduced to indicate whether a measurement is delayed and available, respectively. A hierarchical model is then formulated and its parameters and state are simultaneously estimated by the VB technique. Experimental results validate the proposed method for the localization of CVs in practice.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it