The Natural Regulation and Relevance of Wild and Hatchery Coho Salmon Production in the Strait of Georgia
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract The commercial and recreational fishery for Coho Salmon Oncorhynchus kisutch in the Strait of Georgia in the 1970s and 1980s that annually averaged 733,800 individuals declined in the 1990s and was closed in 1998. We observed that above a threshold, ocean carrying capacity is regulating production and not the number of juvenile Coho Salmon entering the Strait of Georgia. We show that a 52% reduction in releases of Coho Salmon from Canadian hatcheries from 2010–2018 did not change the average abundance of hatchery fish surviving through to September of their first ocean year. Our explanation that above a threshold number of smolts, ocean carrying capacity is regulating production rather than escapements is relevant to rebuilding efforts and the use of hatcheries. The results add to the accumulating evidence that production of Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. is closely related to the capacity for rapid growth in the first months in coastal ecosystems.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".