Rational Design of Interlayer Binding Towards Highly Reversible Anion Intercalation Cathode for Dual Ion Batteries
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Dual-ion batteries (DIBs) with high working voltages and energy densities have gained more and more attention these years. However, general graphitic intercalation compounds (GICs) still require substantial improvements in both cathode practical capacity and structural stability. In this work, rational edge carboxylic anhydride functionality is introduced between carbon layers. One of the advantages is to expand the interlayer stacking, significantly improving active site accessibility and enhancing anion intercalation kinetics. Moreover, it can also serve as strong binding forces within interlayers, which can effectively prevent interlayer exfoliation during repeated anion intercalation/deintercalation. Benefited from this rational design, the carboxylic anhydride functionalized graphitic cathode is able to improve discharge capacity by over 37% with no obvious voltage deduction. Meanwhile the capacity retention of over 80% after 1000 cycles is achieved. Overall, this work reveals an effective way to improve both energy density and longevity of the graphite cathodes for dual ion batteries.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".