“EFFECTIVENESS OF HAND AND FOOT MASSAGE ON PAIN REDUCTION AMONG POST-CAESAREAN MOTHERS AT SELECTED HOSPITALS OF HUBBALLI, DHARWAD,KARNATAKA.”
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Bibliographic record
Abstract
Title: A study was conducted to assess the effectiveness hand and foot massage on pain reduction among 30 post-caesarean mothers at selected hospitals of Hubballi, Dharwad”. Objectives: To assess the level of pain among post-caesarean mothers in experimental group before hand and foot massage. To assess the level of pain among post-caesarean mothers in control group. To evaluate the effectiveness of hand and foot massage on level of pain among experimental group in terms of pain reduction. To find out an association between pre-test pain scores of experimental group with their selected socio-demographical variables. To find out an association between pre-test pain scores of control group with their selected socio-demographical variables. Research design: A quasi-experimental; Pre-test post-test control group design was used to select 30 post-caesarean mothers, who were divided equally into two groups (experimental group & control group). Tool: The demographic Proforma were collected using structured interview schedule & Modified Mcgill Pain Questionnaire to measure the level of pain. Data obtained in these areas were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The results showed that, There was statistical difference in post-test and pre-test score regarding pain reduction among post-caesarean mothers in experimental group at 0.05 level of significance. There was statistical difference in the post-test score regarding pain among post-caesarean mothers in experimental group and control group at 0.05 level of significance. There was no significant association between pre-test pain score of both experimental and control group with their and selected demographic variables. This indicated that the post-test pain score of control group was greater than the experimental group who were exposed to Hand and Foot Massage. Conclusion: Therefore, the study concluded that hand and foot massage was effective, in-expensive and easily applied strategy for reduction of pain among post-caesarean mothers.
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Full frame distilled prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. Learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and 10,348 direct Gemma labels. Candidate is the union of thresholded teacher heads; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels or direct frontier model labels.
Codex and Gemma teacher scores by category
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.007 | 0.022 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.001 | 0.003 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.002 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from it