The variations of endophilin A2-FoxO3a-autophagy signal in angiotensin II–induced dopaminergic neuron injury mouse model and by biochanin A
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Biochanin A (Bioch A) is a natural plant estrogen, with various biological activities such as anti-apoptosis, anti-oxidation, and suppression of inflammation. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of Bioch A on angiotensin II (AngII) - induced dopaminergic (DA) neuron damage in vivo and on molecular mechanisms. Spontaneous activity and motor ability of mice among groups was detected by open-field test and swim-test. The expression of TH, microtubule-associated proteins light chain 3B II (LC3BII)/LC3BI, beclin-1, P62, forkhead box class O3 (FoxO3), phosphorylated (p) FoxO3a/FoxO3a, FoxO3, and endophilin A2 were determined by Western blot and immunohistochemistry or immunofluorescence staining. Our results showed that AngII treatment significantly increased the behavioral dysfunction of mice and DA neuron damage. Meanwhile, AngII treatment increased the expression of LC3BII/LC3BI, beclin-1, P62, and FoxO3a and decreased the expression of endophilin A2 and p-FoxO3a/FoxO3a, however, Bioch A treatment alleviate these changes. In summary, these results suggest that Bioch A exerts protective effects on AngII-induced mouse model may be related to regulating endophilin A2, FoxO3a, and autophagy-related proteins; however, the specific mechanism is not yet clear and needs further study.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".