The Efficient Mining of Skyline Patterns from a Volunteer Computing Network
Bibliographic record
Abstract
In the ever-growing world, the concepts of High-utility Itemset Mining (HUIM) as well as Frequent Itemset Mining (FIM) are fundamental works in knowledge discovery. Several algorithms have been designed successfully. However, these algorithms only used one factor to estimate an itemset. In the past, skyline pattern mining by considering both aspects of frequency and utility has been extensively discussed. In most cases, however, people tend to focus on purchase quantities of itemsets rather than frequencies. In this article, we propose a new knowledge called skyline quantity-utility pattern (SQUP) to provide better estimations in the decision-making process by considering quantity and utility together. Two algorithms, respectively, called SQU-Miner and SKYQUP are presented to efficiently mine the set of SQUPs. Moreover, the usage of volunteer computing is proposed to show the potential in real supermarket applications. Two new efficient utility-max structures are also mentioned for the reduction of the candidate itemsets, respectively, utilized in SQU-Miner and SKYQUP. These two new utility-max structures are used to store the upper-bound of utility for itemsets under the quantity constraint instead of frequency constraint, and the second proposed utility-max structure moreover applies a recursive updated process to further obtain strict upper-bound of utility. Our in-depth experimental results prove that SKYQUP has stronger performance when a comparison is made to SQU-Miner in terms of memory usage, runtime, and the number of candidates.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.001 | 0.004 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.004 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.002 |
| Open science | 0.002 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".