<i>Ramularia armoraciae</i> . [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Abstract A description is provided for Ramularia armoraciae . Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. DISEASE: Pale leaf spot of horseradish ( Armoracia rusticana ). HOSTS: Alliaria petiolata, Arabis sp., Armoracia rusticana (= A. lapathifolia ; Cochlearia armoracia [Armoracia rusticana] ; Nasturtium armoracia ; Rorippa armoracia ), Barbarea orthoceras, B. praecox, B. vulgaris, Brassica vulgaris, B. stricta, B. elongata, B. nigra, B. rapa, Bunias orientalis, Capsella bursa-pastoris, Cochlearia officinalis, Farsetia sp., Hesperis matronalis, H. sibirica, H. tristis, Raphanus raphanistrum, Rorippa palustris, Thlaspi sp. ( Brassicaceae ). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: AFRICA: Kenya. NORTH AMERICA: Canada (Alberta, British Colombia, Manitoba, New Brunswick, Ontario, Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan), USA (Alaska, California, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Florida, Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Massachusetts, Maine, Michigan, Missouri, Mississippi, Montana, North Dakota, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Texas, Utah, Washington, Wisconsin, Wyoming). ASIA: Afghanistan, Armenia, Republic of Georgia, India (Jammu & Kashmir), Japan ( www.nt.ars-grin.gov/fungaldatabases ), Kabardino-Balkaria, Kazakhstan, Kirghizia, Russia (Far East; Siberia), South Korea (SHIN & BRAUN, 1996), Turkey [= Asia Minor]. EUROPE: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Great Britain, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Romania, Russia, Slovak Republic ( www.nt.ars-grin.gov/fungaldatabases ), Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, Yugoslavia. TRANSMISSION: By wind and rain-splash dispersal of conidia. The fungus overwinters as sclerotia in the dead leaves or in leaf material that falls from the leaves resulting in shot-holes. The sclerotia produce new conidiophores and conidia in the spring (CHUPP & SHERF, 1960; DRING, 1961).
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.002 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.002 | 0.002 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Open science | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Research integrity | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.021 | 0.021 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".