Effects of ketamine in methicillin-resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> and in silico interaction with sortase A
Bibliographic record
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is one of the main human pathogens and is responsible for many diseases, ranging from skin infections to more invasive infections. These infections are dangerous and expensive to treat because these strains are resistant to a large number of conventional antibiotics. Thus, the antibacterial effect of ketamine against MRSA strains, its mechanism of action, and in silico interaction with sortase A were evaluated. The antibacterial effect of ketamine was assessed using the broth microdilution method. Subsequently, the mechanism of action was assessed using flow cytometry and molecular docking assays with sortase A. Our results showed that ketamine has a significant antibacterial activity against MRSA strains in the range of 2.49–3.73 mM. Their mechanism of action involves alterations in membrane integrity and DNA damage, reducing cell viability, and inducing apoptosis. In addition, ketamine had an affinity for S. aureus sortase A. These results indicate that this compound can be used as an alternative to develop new strategies to combat infections caused by MRSA.
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How this classification was reachedexpand
Full frame machine prediction
Teacher imitationNot calibrated prevalence, not ground truth. Human validation pending. The Gemma side is a direct model label for every work in the frame, read from the title-only record. The Codex side is a classifier learned from the 10,348 direct Codex labels and calibrated to design-weighted sample rates; fields without enough sample support carry no Codex call. Candidate is the union of the two sides; consensus is their intersection. These outputs are machine_predicted_unvalidated and are not human labels.
Distilled classifier scores by category (both heads)
| Category | Codex | Gemma |
|---|---|---|
| Metaresearch | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (narrow) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Meta-epidemiology (broad) | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Bibliometrics | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Science and technology studies | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Scholarly communication | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Open science | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Research integrity | 0.000 | 0.000 |
| Insufficient payload (model declined to judge) | 0.001 | 0.000 |
Machine scores (provisional)
The two teacher heads of the student model, read on this work. A score orders the frame for review; it never asserts a category, and the validation status ships verbatim with every row.
Baseline scores from an immature model (maturity gate not passed, 7 training rounds). Scores rank; they never assert a category.
score_only:v0-immature-baseline · verbatim from the scoring run: score_only means the number may rank works, and no category label ships from itClassification
machine, unvalidatedMachine predicted; a candidate call from one source (direct Gemma or distilled Codex), not a consensus.
How this classification was reached, model by model and score by score, is at the end of the page under "How this classification was reached".